Is $f(z)$ entire?

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I am trying to determine if the the following is entire $$f(z)= begincases
e^-z^-4 & zneq0 \
0 & z=0\
endcases
$$




My attempt:



Consider $zne 0$. $f(z)=e^-z^-4$ is the composition of two differentiable functions, hence $f$ is differentiable when $zneq 0$.



Next I considered $z=0$. The Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied at $z=0$, as $u_x=u_y=v_x=v_y=0$. But this is not sufficient condition for complex differentiability. I wish to show $f$ is continuous/discontinuous at $z=0$.



I tried defining the limit $$f(z)=lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4=e^-infty=0$$



This would imply $f$ is continuous at $z=0$, but the answer I have disagrees.



edit



If I let $z=re^itheta$, then
beginalign
lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4&=lim_rto 0 e^-frac1r^4e^-4itheta \
&=lim_rto 0 e^frac1r^4rightarrow infty textletting left(theta=fracpi4right) \
endalign
Hence, $f$ is not continuous at $z=0implies f$ is not differentible at $z=0$.



So $f$ is not entire.







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  • 2




    Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
    – Trebor
    Aug 20 at 5:44










  • Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
    – mfl
    Aug 20 at 5:45






  • 4




    Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
    – TRUSKI
    Aug 20 at 5:58














up vote
1
down vote

favorite













I am trying to determine if the the following is entire $$f(z)= begincases
e^-z^-4 & zneq0 \
0 & z=0\
endcases
$$




My attempt:



Consider $zne 0$. $f(z)=e^-z^-4$ is the composition of two differentiable functions, hence $f$ is differentiable when $zneq 0$.



Next I considered $z=0$. The Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied at $z=0$, as $u_x=u_y=v_x=v_y=0$. But this is not sufficient condition for complex differentiability. I wish to show $f$ is continuous/discontinuous at $z=0$.



I tried defining the limit $$f(z)=lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4=e^-infty=0$$



This would imply $f$ is continuous at $z=0$, but the answer I have disagrees.



edit



If I let $z=re^itheta$, then
beginalign
lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4&=lim_rto 0 e^-frac1r^4e^-4itheta \
&=lim_rto 0 e^frac1r^4rightarrow infty textletting left(theta=fracpi4right) \
endalign
Hence, $f$ is not continuous at $z=0implies f$ is not differentible at $z=0$.



So $f$ is not entire.







share|cite|improve this question


















  • 2




    Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
    – Trebor
    Aug 20 at 5:44










  • Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
    – mfl
    Aug 20 at 5:45






  • 4




    Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
    – TRUSKI
    Aug 20 at 5:58












up vote
1
down vote

favorite









up vote
1
down vote

favorite












I am trying to determine if the the following is entire $$f(z)= begincases
e^-z^-4 & zneq0 \
0 & z=0\
endcases
$$




My attempt:



Consider $zne 0$. $f(z)=e^-z^-4$ is the composition of two differentiable functions, hence $f$ is differentiable when $zneq 0$.



Next I considered $z=0$. The Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied at $z=0$, as $u_x=u_y=v_x=v_y=0$. But this is not sufficient condition for complex differentiability. I wish to show $f$ is continuous/discontinuous at $z=0$.



I tried defining the limit $$f(z)=lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4=e^-infty=0$$



This would imply $f$ is continuous at $z=0$, but the answer I have disagrees.



edit



If I let $z=re^itheta$, then
beginalign
lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4&=lim_rto 0 e^-frac1r^4e^-4itheta \
&=lim_rto 0 e^frac1r^4rightarrow infty textletting left(theta=fracpi4right) \
endalign
Hence, $f$ is not continuous at $z=0implies f$ is not differentible at $z=0$.



So $f$ is not entire.







share|cite|improve this question















I am trying to determine if the the following is entire $$f(z)= begincases
e^-z^-4 & zneq0 \
0 & z=0\
endcases
$$




My attempt:



Consider $zne 0$. $f(z)=e^-z^-4$ is the composition of two differentiable functions, hence $f$ is differentiable when $zneq 0$.



Next I considered $z=0$. The Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied at $z=0$, as $u_x=u_y=v_x=v_y=0$. But this is not sufficient condition for complex differentiability. I wish to show $f$ is continuous/discontinuous at $z=0$.



I tried defining the limit $$f(z)=lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4=e^-infty=0$$



This would imply $f$ is continuous at $z=0$, but the answer I have disagrees.



edit



If I let $z=re^itheta$, then
beginalign
lim_zto 0 e^-z^-4&=lim_rto 0 e^-frac1r^4e^-4itheta \
&=lim_rto 0 e^frac1r^4rightarrow infty textletting left(theta=fracpi4right) \
endalign
Hence, $f$ is not continuous at $z=0implies f$ is not differentible at $z=0$.



So $f$ is not entire.









share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Aug 20 at 7:28

























asked Aug 20 at 5:38









Bell

741313




741313







  • 2




    Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
    – Trebor
    Aug 20 at 5:44










  • Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
    – mfl
    Aug 20 at 5:45






  • 4




    Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
    – TRUSKI
    Aug 20 at 5:58












  • 2




    Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
    – Trebor
    Aug 20 at 5:44










  • Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
    – mfl
    Aug 20 at 5:45






  • 4




    Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
    – TRUSKI
    Aug 20 at 5:58







2




2




Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
– Trebor
Aug 20 at 5:44




Try calculating the Taylor series expansion at $z=0$, you'll be surprised...
– Trebor
Aug 20 at 5:44












Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
– mfl
Aug 20 at 5:45




Almost duplicate of math.stackexchange.com/questions/2717209/…
– mfl
Aug 20 at 5:45




4




4




Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
– TRUSKI
Aug 20 at 5:58




Possible duplicate of Ways to see if a function $f(z)$ is holomorphic
– TRUSKI
Aug 20 at 5:58










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes

















up vote
5
down vote



accepted










Hint: consider $z=x+xi$ for real $xto0$.






share|cite|improve this answer




















  • I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 6:08







  • 1




    @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 6:29











  • Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 7:29







  • 1




    @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 7:47


















up vote
4
down vote













For each positive interger $n$ lat $c_n$ be a fourth root of $ 2nipi $ and $z_n = frac 1 c_n$Then $|e^-z_n^-4 |=1$ for all $n$ and $z_n to 0$.






share|cite|improve this answer




















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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes








    up vote
    5
    down vote



    accepted










    Hint: consider $z=x+xi$ for real $xto0$.






    share|cite|improve this answer




















    • I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 6:08







    • 1




      @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 6:29











    • Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 7:29







    • 1




      @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 7:47















    up vote
    5
    down vote



    accepted










    Hint: consider $z=x+xi$ for real $xto0$.






    share|cite|improve this answer




















    • I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 6:08







    • 1




      @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 6:29











    • Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 7:29







    • 1




      @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 7:47













    up vote
    5
    down vote



    accepted







    up vote
    5
    down vote



    accepted






    Hint: consider $z=x+xi$ for real $xto0$.






    share|cite|improve this answer












    Hint: consider $z=x+xi$ for real $xto0$.







    share|cite|improve this answer












    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer










    answered Aug 20 at 5:45









    Arthur

    100k793176




    100k793176











    • I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 6:08







    • 1




      @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 6:29











    • Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 7:29







    • 1




      @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 7:47

















    • I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 6:08







    • 1




      @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 6:29











    • Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
      – Bell
      Aug 20 at 7:29







    • 1




      @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
      – Arthur
      Aug 20 at 7:47
















    I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 6:08





    I'm sorry, but I'm having trouble computing this limit. I understand that we're trying to find a limit that doesn't approach 0, but I'm having trouble with the calculations. Does the limit exist?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 6:08





    1




    1




    @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 6:29





    @Bell If $z = x + ix$ (or maybe it's easier to use $frac1sqrt2(x+ix)$ since that has absolute value 1, you decide), what is $z^4$, in terms of $x$? What is $z^-4$? What is $-z^-4$? What happens to this expression when $xto 0$? What happens to the exponential?
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 6:29













    Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 7:29





    Thanks. This makes sense. I also tried another way (in my edit above), by considering a ray inclined by $fracpi4$ from the positive real axis. Does this also work?
    – Bell
    Aug 20 at 7:29





    1




    1




    @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 7:47





    @Bell It's exactly the same approach, only geometrically rather than algebraically ($x+xi$ for real $x$ is that line, and if you also say $x>0$ you get the ray). So yes, that ought to give the same result.
    – Arthur
    Aug 20 at 7:47











    up vote
    4
    down vote













    For each positive interger $n$ lat $c_n$ be a fourth root of $ 2nipi $ and $z_n = frac 1 c_n$Then $|e^-z_n^-4 |=1$ for all $n$ and $z_n to 0$.






    share|cite|improve this answer
























      up vote
      4
      down vote













      For each positive interger $n$ lat $c_n$ be a fourth root of $ 2nipi $ and $z_n = frac 1 c_n$Then $|e^-z_n^-4 |=1$ for all $n$ and $z_n to 0$.






      share|cite|improve this answer






















        up vote
        4
        down vote










        up vote
        4
        down vote









        For each positive interger $n$ lat $c_n$ be a fourth root of $ 2nipi $ and $z_n = frac 1 c_n$Then $|e^-z_n^-4 |=1$ for all $n$ and $z_n to 0$.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        For each positive interger $n$ lat $c_n$ be a fourth root of $ 2nipi $ and $z_n = frac 1 c_n$Then $|e^-z_n^-4 |=1$ for all $n$ and $z_n to 0$.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Aug 20 at 5:45









        Kavi Rama Murthy

        23.3k2933




        23.3k2933






















             

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