Calculate $int fracx^4+1x^12-1 dx$

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So I found this problem:




Calculate $$int fracx^4+1x^12-1 dx$$ where $xin(1, +infty)$




and I don't have any ideea how to solve it. I tried to write $$x^12-1=(x^6+1)(x+1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2-x+1)$$ but with $x^4+1$ I had no idea what to do, an obvious thing would be to add some terms (an $x^5$ would be helpful) and then discard them, but again I couldn't do anything. What should I do?










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  • 2




    You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
    – Kusma
    Sep 8 at 10:19










  • $x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
    – BCLC
    Sep 8 at 10:32














up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1












So I found this problem:




Calculate $$int fracx^4+1x^12-1 dx$$ where $xin(1, +infty)$




and I don't have any ideea how to solve it. I tried to write $$x^12-1=(x^6+1)(x+1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2-x+1)$$ but with $x^4+1$ I had no idea what to do, an obvious thing would be to add some terms (an $x^5$ would be helpful) and then discard them, but again I couldn't do anything. What should I do?










share|cite|improve this question

















  • 2




    You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
    – Kusma
    Sep 8 at 10:19










  • $x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
    – BCLC
    Sep 8 at 10:32












up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1









up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1






1





So I found this problem:




Calculate $$int fracx^4+1x^12-1 dx$$ where $xin(1, +infty)$




and I don't have any ideea how to solve it. I tried to write $$x^12-1=(x^6+1)(x+1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2-x+1)$$ but with $x^4+1$ I had no idea what to do, an obvious thing would be to add some terms (an $x^5$ would be helpful) and then discard them, but again I couldn't do anything. What should I do?










share|cite|improve this question













So I found this problem:




Calculate $$int fracx^4+1x^12-1 dx$$ where $xin(1, +infty)$




and I don't have any ideea how to solve it. I tried to write $$x^12-1=(x^6+1)(x+1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2-x+1)$$ but with $x^4+1$ I had no idea what to do, an obvious thing would be to add some terms (an $x^5$ would be helpful) and then discard them, but again I couldn't do anything. What should I do?







calculus integration indefinite-integrals






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asked Sep 8 at 10:13









razvanelda

767116




767116







  • 2




    You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
    – Kusma
    Sep 8 at 10:19










  • $x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
    – BCLC
    Sep 8 at 10:32












  • 2




    You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
    – Kusma
    Sep 8 at 10:19










  • $x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
    – BCLC
    Sep 8 at 10:32







2




2




You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
– Kusma
Sep 8 at 10:19




You can factor $x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$.
– Kusma
Sep 8 at 10:19












$x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
– BCLC
Sep 8 at 10:32




$x^12 = (x^4)^3$ ?
– BCLC
Sep 8 at 10:32










2 Answers
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You can use that $$x^4+1=(x^2+1)^2-2x^2=…$$
You will get $$fracx^4+1x^12-1=frac-2 x-112 left(x^2+x+1right)-frac13 left(x^2+1right)+frac2 x-112
left(x^2-x+1right)+frac-x^2-16 left(x^4-x^2+1right)+frac16
(x-1)-frac16 (x+1)$$






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    up vote
    5
    down vote













    Use $$x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$$
    $$I=displaystyleintdfracx^4+1left(x-1right)left(x+1right)left(x^2+1right)left(x^2-x+1right)left(x^2+x+1right)left(x^4-x^2+1right),mathrmdx$$



    Apply partial Factor decomposition you get



    $$I=displaystyleintleft(-dfracx^2+16left(x^4-x^2+1right)-dfrac2x+112left(x^2+x+1right)+dfrac2x-112left(x^2-x+1right)-dfrac13left(x^2+1right)-dfrac16left(x+1right)+dfrac16left(x-1right)right)mathrmdx$$
    $$I=-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-1dfrac16displaystyleintdfracx^2+1x^4-x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-2dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x+1x^2+x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-3dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x-1x^2-x+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-4dfrac13displaystyleintdfrac1x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-5dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-6dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x-1,mathrmdx$$






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      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes








      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes








      up vote
      4
      down vote



      accepted










      You can use that $$x^4+1=(x^2+1)^2-2x^2=…$$
      You will get $$fracx^4+1x^12-1=frac-2 x-112 left(x^2+x+1right)-frac13 left(x^2+1right)+frac2 x-112
      left(x^2-x+1right)+frac-x^2-16 left(x^4-x^2+1right)+frac16
      (x-1)-frac16 (x+1)$$






      share|cite|improve this answer
























        up vote
        4
        down vote



        accepted










        You can use that $$x^4+1=(x^2+1)^2-2x^2=…$$
        You will get $$fracx^4+1x^12-1=frac-2 x-112 left(x^2+x+1right)-frac13 left(x^2+1right)+frac2 x-112
        left(x^2-x+1right)+frac-x^2-16 left(x^4-x^2+1right)+frac16
        (x-1)-frac16 (x+1)$$






        share|cite|improve this answer






















          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted







          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted






          You can use that $$x^4+1=(x^2+1)^2-2x^2=…$$
          You will get $$fracx^4+1x^12-1=frac-2 x-112 left(x^2+x+1right)-frac13 left(x^2+1right)+frac2 x-112
          left(x^2-x+1right)+frac-x^2-16 left(x^4-x^2+1right)+frac16
          (x-1)-frac16 (x+1)$$






          share|cite|improve this answer












          You can use that $$x^4+1=(x^2+1)^2-2x^2=…$$
          You will get $$fracx^4+1x^12-1=frac-2 x-112 left(x^2+x+1right)-frac13 left(x^2+1right)+frac2 x-112
          left(x^2-x+1right)+frac-x^2-16 left(x^4-x^2+1right)+frac16
          (x-1)-frac16 (x+1)$$







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered Sep 8 at 10:15









          Dr. Sonnhard Graubner

          69k32761




          69k32761




















              up vote
              5
              down vote













              Use $$x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$$
              $$I=displaystyleintdfracx^4+1left(x-1right)left(x+1right)left(x^2+1right)left(x^2-x+1right)left(x^2+x+1right)left(x^4-x^2+1right),mathrmdx$$



              Apply partial Factor decomposition you get



              $$I=displaystyleintleft(-dfracx^2+16left(x^4-x^2+1right)-dfrac2x+112left(x^2+x+1right)+dfrac2x-112left(x^2-x+1right)-dfrac13left(x^2+1right)-dfrac16left(x+1right)+dfrac16left(x-1right)right)mathrmdx$$
              $$I=-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-1dfrac16displaystyleintdfracx^2+1x^4-x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-2dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x+1x^2+x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-3dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x-1x^2-x+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-4dfrac13displaystyleintdfrac1x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-5dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-6dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x-1,mathrmdx$$






              share|cite|improve this answer


























                up vote
                5
                down vote













                Use $$x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$$
                $$I=displaystyleintdfracx^4+1left(x-1right)left(x+1right)left(x^2+1right)left(x^2-x+1right)left(x^2+x+1right)left(x^4-x^2+1right),mathrmdx$$



                Apply partial Factor decomposition you get



                $$I=displaystyleintleft(-dfracx^2+16left(x^4-x^2+1right)-dfrac2x+112left(x^2+x+1right)+dfrac2x-112left(x^2-x+1right)-dfrac13left(x^2+1right)-dfrac16left(x+1right)+dfrac16left(x-1right)right)mathrmdx$$
                $$I=-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-1dfrac16displaystyleintdfracx^2+1x^4-x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-2dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x+1x^2+x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-3dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x-1x^2-x+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-4dfrac13displaystyleintdfrac1x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-5dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-6dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x-1,mathrmdx$$






                share|cite|improve this answer
























                  up vote
                  5
                  down vote










                  up vote
                  5
                  down vote









                  Use $$x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$$
                  $$I=displaystyleintdfracx^4+1left(x-1right)left(x+1right)left(x^2+1right)left(x^2-x+1right)left(x^2+x+1right)left(x^4-x^2+1right),mathrmdx$$



                  Apply partial Factor decomposition you get



                  $$I=displaystyleintleft(-dfracx^2+16left(x^4-x^2+1right)-dfrac2x+112left(x^2+x+1right)+dfrac2x-112left(x^2-x+1right)-dfrac13left(x^2+1right)-dfrac16left(x+1right)+dfrac16left(x-1right)right)mathrmdx$$
                  $$I=-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-1dfrac16displaystyleintdfracx^2+1x^4-x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-2dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x+1x^2+x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-3dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x-1x^2-x+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-4dfrac13displaystyleintdfrac1x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-5dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-6dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x-1,mathrmdx$$






                  share|cite|improve this answer














                  Use $$x^6+1=(x^2+1)(x^4-x^2+1)$$
                  $$I=displaystyleintdfracx^4+1left(x-1right)left(x+1right)left(x^2+1right)left(x^2-x+1right)left(x^2+x+1right)left(x^4-x^2+1right),mathrmdx$$



                  Apply partial Factor decomposition you get



                  $$I=displaystyleintleft(-dfracx^2+16left(x^4-x^2+1right)-dfrac2x+112left(x^2+x+1right)+dfrac2x-112left(x^2-x+1right)-dfrac13left(x^2+1right)-dfrac16left(x+1right)+dfrac16left(x-1right)right)mathrmdx$$
                  $$I=-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-1dfrac16displaystyleintdfracx^2+1x^4-x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-2dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x+1x^2+x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-3dfrac112displaystyleintdfrac2x-1x^2-x+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-4dfrac13displaystyleintdfrac1x^2+1,mathrmdx-classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-5dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x+1,mathrmdx+classsteps-nodecssIdsteps-node-6dfrac16displaystyleintdfrac1x-1,mathrmdx$$







                  share|cite|improve this answer














                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer








                  edited Sep 15 at 0:13

























                  answered Sep 8 at 10:50









                  Deepesh Meena

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