If $K(alpha)/K$ is Galois and $exists sigmain G$ such that $sigma alpha=alpha^-1$, show $[K(alpha+alpha^-1):K]=frac12[K(alpha):K]$.

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Let $L/K$ be a Galois extension with Galois group $G$. Suppose there exists $alphain L$ and $sigmain G$ such that $L=K(alpha)$ and $sigma alpha=alpha^-1$. Prove that $[L:K]$ is even and $[K(alpha+alpha^-1):K]=frac12[L:K]$.




I think that I've almost figured this one out, but I can't seem to get one last detail. Here are my thoughts. Let $n$ be the order of $G$ and note that since $sigma$ has order $2$ in $G$ we have $2mid n=[L:K]$. In fact the Galois correspondence shows that $[L:L^langle sigma rangle]=2$, so $[L^langle sigma rangle:K]=n/2.$ My claim is now that $L^langle sigma rangle=K(alpha+alpha^-1)$. Clearly $alpha+alpha^-1in L^langle sigma rangle$ so this establishes $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subseteq L^langle sigma rangle$. Let's now suppose that this inclusion is strict, i.e., $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subsetneq L^langle sigma rangle$. We know that $K(alpha+alpha^-1)=L^H$ for some $Hleq G$, and the strict inclusion says that there is some $tau in Hbackslash langle sigma rangle$ that fixes $alpha+alpha^-1$. I feel like I should be able to derive a contradiction from this (something along the lines of $taualpha=alpha$, which would imply $tau=sigma$), but I can't figure out where to go from here...







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  • 1




    It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
    – Arbutus
    Aug 10 at 20:24







  • 1




    I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
    – Batominovski
    Aug 10 at 20:30















up vote
2
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Let $L/K$ be a Galois extension with Galois group $G$. Suppose there exists $alphain L$ and $sigmain G$ such that $L=K(alpha)$ and $sigma alpha=alpha^-1$. Prove that $[L:K]$ is even and $[K(alpha+alpha^-1):K]=frac12[L:K]$.




I think that I've almost figured this one out, but I can't seem to get one last detail. Here are my thoughts. Let $n$ be the order of $G$ and note that since $sigma$ has order $2$ in $G$ we have $2mid n=[L:K]$. In fact the Galois correspondence shows that $[L:L^langle sigma rangle]=2$, so $[L^langle sigma rangle:K]=n/2.$ My claim is now that $L^langle sigma rangle=K(alpha+alpha^-1)$. Clearly $alpha+alpha^-1in L^langle sigma rangle$ so this establishes $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subseteq L^langle sigma rangle$. Let's now suppose that this inclusion is strict, i.e., $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subsetneq L^langle sigma rangle$. We know that $K(alpha+alpha^-1)=L^H$ for some $Hleq G$, and the strict inclusion says that there is some $tau in Hbackslash langle sigma rangle$ that fixes $alpha+alpha^-1$. I feel like I should be able to derive a contradiction from this (something along the lines of $taualpha=alpha$, which would imply $tau=sigma$), but I can't figure out where to go from here...







share|cite|improve this question
















  • 1




    It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
    – Arbutus
    Aug 10 at 20:24







  • 1




    I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
    – Batominovski
    Aug 10 at 20:30













up vote
2
down vote

favorite









up vote
2
down vote

favorite












Let $L/K$ be a Galois extension with Galois group $G$. Suppose there exists $alphain L$ and $sigmain G$ such that $L=K(alpha)$ and $sigma alpha=alpha^-1$. Prove that $[L:K]$ is even and $[K(alpha+alpha^-1):K]=frac12[L:K]$.




I think that I've almost figured this one out, but I can't seem to get one last detail. Here are my thoughts. Let $n$ be the order of $G$ and note that since $sigma$ has order $2$ in $G$ we have $2mid n=[L:K]$. In fact the Galois correspondence shows that $[L:L^langle sigma rangle]=2$, so $[L^langle sigma rangle:K]=n/2.$ My claim is now that $L^langle sigma rangle=K(alpha+alpha^-1)$. Clearly $alpha+alpha^-1in L^langle sigma rangle$ so this establishes $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subseteq L^langle sigma rangle$. Let's now suppose that this inclusion is strict, i.e., $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subsetneq L^langle sigma rangle$. We know that $K(alpha+alpha^-1)=L^H$ for some $Hleq G$, and the strict inclusion says that there is some $tau in Hbackslash langle sigma rangle$ that fixes $alpha+alpha^-1$. I feel like I should be able to derive a contradiction from this (something along the lines of $taualpha=alpha$, which would imply $tau=sigma$), but I can't figure out where to go from here...







share|cite|improve this question













Let $L/K$ be a Galois extension with Galois group $G$. Suppose there exists $alphain L$ and $sigmain G$ such that $L=K(alpha)$ and $sigma alpha=alpha^-1$. Prove that $[L:K]$ is even and $[K(alpha+alpha^-1):K]=frac12[L:K]$.




I think that I've almost figured this one out, but I can't seem to get one last detail. Here are my thoughts. Let $n$ be the order of $G$ and note that since $sigma$ has order $2$ in $G$ we have $2mid n=[L:K]$. In fact the Galois correspondence shows that $[L:L^langle sigma rangle]=2$, so $[L^langle sigma rangle:K]=n/2.$ My claim is now that $L^langle sigma rangle=K(alpha+alpha^-1)$. Clearly $alpha+alpha^-1in L^langle sigma rangle$ so this establishes $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subseteq L^langle sigma rangle$. Let's now suppose that this inclusion is strict, i.e., $K(alpha+alpha^-1) subsetneq L^langle sigma rangle$. We know that $K(alpha+alpha^-1)=L^H$ for some $Hleq G$, and the strict inclusion says that there is some $tau in Hbackslash langle sigma rangle$ that fixes $alpha+alpha^-1$. I feel like I should be able to derive a contradiction from this (something along the lines of $taualpha=alpha$, which would imply $tau=sigma$), but I can't figure out where to go from here...









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asked Aug 10 at 20:06









Arbutus

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  • 1




    It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
    – Arbutus
    Aug 10 at 20:24







  • 1




    I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
    – Batominovski
    Aug 10 at 20:30













  • 1




    It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
    – Arbutus
    Aug 10 at 20:24







  • 1




    I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
    – Batominovski
    Aug 10 at 20:30








1




1




It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
– Arbutus
Aug 10 at 20:24





It's not? If $beta=sum c_ialpha^iin L$ then don't we have $sigma^2beta=sigma(sum c_ialpha^-i)=sum c_ialpha^i=beta$?
– Arbutus
Aug 10 at 20:24





1




1




I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
– Batominovski
Aug 10 at 20:30





I'm sorry, I forgot that $L=K(alpha)$. If $L$ is not generated by just $alpha$ alone, then $sigma$ can have a higher even order. That's why I deleted the comment.
– Batominovski
Aug 10 at 20:30











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Since $alpha$ satisfies the quadratic $T^2-T(alpha + alpha^-1) + 1$, we have that $[K(alpha) : K(alpha + alpha^-1)] le 2$. Thus, $[K(alpha + alpha^-1) : K] ge n/2$.



The tower $L^sigma/K(alpha + alpha^-1) /K$ with $[L^sigma:K] = n/2$ now implies $L^sigma = K(alpha + alpha^-1)$.






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    Since $alpha$ satisfies the quadratic $T^2-T(alpha + alpha^-1) + 1$, we have that $[K(alpha) : K(alpha + alpha^-1)] le 2$. Thus, $[K(alpha + alpha^-1) : K] ge n/2$.



    The tower $L^sigma/K(alpha + alpha^-1) /K$ with $[L^sigma:K] = n/2$ now implies $L^sigma = K(alpha + alpha^-1)$.






    share|cite|improve this answer
























      up vote
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      down vote



      accepted










      Since $alpha$ satisfies the quadratic $T^2-T(alpha + alpha^-1) + 1$, we have that $[K(alpha) : K(alpha + alpha^-1)] le 2$. Thus, $[K(alpha + alpha^-1) : K] ge n/2$.



      The tower $L^sigma/K(alpha + alpha^-1) /K$ with $[L^sigma:K] = n/2$ now implies $L^sigma = K(alpha + alpha^-1)$.






      share|cite|improve this answer






















        up vote
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        up vote
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        down vote



        accepted






        Since $alpha$ satisfies the quadratic $T^2-T(alpha + alpha^-1) + 1$, we have that $[K(alpha) : K(alpha + alpha^-1)] le 2$. Thus, $[K(alpha + alpha^-1) : K] ge n/2$.



        The tower $L^sigma/K(alpha + alpha^-1) /K$ with $[L^sigma:K] = n/2$ now implies $L^sigma = K(alpha + alpha^-1)$.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        Since $alpha$ satisfies the quadratic $T^2-T(alpha + alpha^-1) + 1$, we have that $[K(alpha) : K(alpha + alpha^-1)] le 2$. Thus, $[K(alpha + alpha^-1) : K] ge n/2$.



        The tower $L^sigma/K(alpha + alpha^-1) /K$ with $[L^sigma:K] = n/2$ now implies $L^sigma = K(alpha + alpha^-1)$.







        share|cite|improve this answer












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        answered Aug 10 at 20:26









        Sameer Kailasa

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