Question about compactness of the zero set of an analytic function of several variables

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Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
holomorphic function on $G$.




This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.




Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
$f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.




Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:



  1. $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound

  2. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded

  3. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded

My question is the following:
Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?



Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
beginalign
Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
endalign
where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.







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    up vote
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    down vote

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    Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
    2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
    K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
    holomorphic function on $G$.




    This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.




    Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
    $f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
    Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.




    Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:



    1. $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound

    2. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded

    3. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded

    My question is the following:
    Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?



    Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
    beginalign
    Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
    endalign
    where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.







    share|cite|improve this question
























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite












      Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
      2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
      K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
      holomorphic function on $G$.




      This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.




      Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
      $f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
      Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.




      Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:



      1. $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound

      2. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded

      3. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded

      My question is the following:
      Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?



      Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
      beginalign
      Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
      endalign
      where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.







      share|cite|improve this question















      Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
      2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
      K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
      holomorphic function on $G$.




      This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.




      Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
      $f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
      Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.




      Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:



      1. $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound

      2. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded

      3. $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded

      My question is the following:
      Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?



      Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
      beginalign
      Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
      endalign
      where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.









      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question








      edited Aug 15 at 20:23

























      asked Aug 15 at 12:56









      Boby

      9451828




      9451828




















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          The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.






          share|cite|improve this answer




















          • Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
            – Boby
            Aug 15 at 20:20











          • Closed and unbounded in $U$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 15 at 23:25










          • Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
            – Boby
            Aug 16 at 0:01











          • It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 0:09







          • 1




            I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 1:12










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          1 Answer
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          1 Answer
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          active

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          up vote
          2
          down vote



          accepted










          The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.






          share|cite|improve this answer




















          • Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
            – Boby
            Aug 15 at 20:20











          • Closed and unbounded in $U$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 15 at 23:25










          • Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
            – Boby
            Aug 16 at 0:01











          • It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 0:09







          • 1




            I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 1:12














          up vote
          2
          down vote



          accepted










          The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.






          share|cite|improve this answer




















          • Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
            – Boby
            Aug 15 at 20:20











          • Closed and unbounded in $U$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 15 at 23:25










          • Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
            – Boby
            Aug 16 at 0:01











          • It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 0:09







          • 1




            I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 1:12












          up vote
          2
          down vote



          accepted







          up vote
          2
          down vote



          accepted






          The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.






          share|cite|improve this answer












          The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered Aug 15 at 15:13









          Alan Muniz

          915520




          915520











          • Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
            – Boby
            Aug 15 at 20:20











          • Closed and unbounded in $U$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 15 at 23:25










          • Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
            – Boby
            Aug 16 at 0:01











          • It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 0:09







          • 1




            I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 1:12
















          • Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
            – Boby
            Aug 15 at 20:20











          • Closed and unbounded in $U$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 15 at 23:25










          • Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
            – Boby
            Aug 16 at 0:01











          • It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 0:09







          • 1




            I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
            – Alan Muniz
            Aug 16 at 1:12















          Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
          – Boby
          Aug 15 at 20:20





          Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
          – Boby
          Aug 15 at 20:20













          Closed and unbounded in $U$.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 15 at 23:25




          Closed and unbounded in $U$.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 15 at 23:25












          Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
          – Boby
          Aug 16 at 0:01





          Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
          – Boby
          Aug 16 at 0:01













          It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 16 at 0:09





          It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 16 at 0:09





          1




          1




          I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 16 at 1:12




          I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
          – Alan Muniz
          Aug 16 at 1:12












           

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