Question about compactness of the zero set of an analytic function of several variables
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Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
holomorphic function on $G$.
This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.
Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
$f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.
Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:
- $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded
My question is the following:
Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?
Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
beginalign
Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
endalign
where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.
complex-analysis multivariable-calculus
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up vote
2
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Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
holomorphic function on $G$.
This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.
Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
$f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.
Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:
- $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded
My question is the following:
Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?
Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
beginalign
Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
endalign
where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.
complex-analysis multivariable-calculus
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
holomorphic function on $G$.
This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.
Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
$f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.
Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:
- $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded
My question is the following:
Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?
Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
beginalign
Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
endalign
where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.
complex-analysis multivariable-calculus
Hartogs's Theorem Let $f$ be a holomorphic function on a set $G setminus K$, where $G$ is an open subset of $mathbbC^n$ ($n ge
2$) and $K$ is a compact subset of $G$. If the complement $Gsetminus
K$ is connected, then $f$ can be extended to a unique to a unique
holomorphic function on $G$.
This theorem can be used to show the following result about the zeros of analytic functions of several variables.
Suppose that $f$ is an analytic function on some open set $U$ and that
$f$ is not identically zero on $U subset mathbbC^n$ with $n ge 2$.
Then, the set of zeros of $f$ (i.e. $Lambda(f)= z: f(z)=0$) is not compact.
Since $Lambda(f)$ is not compact we can have the following three possibilities:
- $Lambda(f)$ is closed but is not bound
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed but bounded
- $Lambda(f)$ is not closed and not bounded
My question is the following:
Can we come up with examples of $f$ for each of the three cases?
Here is an example of the function that satisfies the first case. Let $f_1(z_1,z_2)=z_1 cdot z_2$ then
beginalign
Lambda(f_1)= (z_1,z_2) : z_1=0 cup (z_1,z_2) : z_2=0 .
endalign
where $Lambda(f_1)$ is closed but not bounded.
complex-analysis multivariable-calculus
edited Aug 15 at 20:23
asked Aug 15 at 12:56
Boby
9451828
9451828
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1 Answer
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2
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The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
 |Â
show 2 more comments
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
2
down vote
accepted
The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
 |Â
show 2 more comments
up vote
2
down vote
accepted
The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
 |Â
show 2 more comments
up vote
2
down vote
accepted
up vote
2
down vote
accepted
The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.
The cases 2 and 3 cannot exist by continuity. Since $fcolon U rightarrow mathbbC$ is holomorphic, it is continuous. Hence $0$ being a closed subset implies that $f^-1(0) = Lambda(f)$ is closed in $U$.
answered Aug 15 at 15:13
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Alan Muniz
915520
915520
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
 |Â
show 2 more comments
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Ok. Thanks. So a more accurate statement about the set of zeros is that it is closed and unbounded, right?
â Boby
Aug 15 at 20:20
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Closed and unbounded in $U$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 15 at 23:25
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
Can you remind me what unbounded in $U$ means? There exists no ball $B$ that contains $Lambda(f)$ such that $B subset U$?
â Boby
Aug 16 at 0:01
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
It means that the set $Lambda(f)$ is not contained in any compact subset of $U$. I want to emphasise that because $U$ may be bounded in $mathbbC^n$. For example, let $U = B(0,1)$ the unitary ball centered at the origin. Then being unbounded in $U$ means that the closure of $Lambda(f)$ needs to meet the boundary of $U$. However $Lambda(f)$ is bounded as a subset of $mathbbC^n$.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 0:09
1
1
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
I'd recommend "From holomorphic functions to complex manifolds" by Fritzsche and Grauert. It is an introductory book but worth to be read.
â Alan Muniz
Aug 16 at 1:12
 |Â
show 2 more comments
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